Thursday, November 30, 2017

Arecibo Survives Hurricane Irma: 2nd-Largest Radio Telescope Still Standing [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

It’s Official! Pluto’s ‘Heart,’ Plains and Mountains Get Names [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Hurricane Irma in Photos: Views from Space of a Monster Storm [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Hurricane Irma in Photos: Views from Space of a Monster Storm [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

See photos of Hurricane Irma, a monster Category 5 storm, as it makes its way across the Atlantic Ocean in to the Caribbean toward the U.S. mainland in September 2017.

This GOES-16 satellite captured this visible imagery of Hurricane Irma’s eye on Sept. 5.

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https://www.space.com/38051-hurricane-irma-photos-from-space.html Hurricane Irma in Photos: Views from Space of a Monster Storm

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Michelle Mone weight loss: How the baroness shed six stone using THIS diet tip [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Michelle Mone weight loss: How the baroness shed six stone using THIS diet tip [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Baroness Mone, 45, has just launched her new business Michelle Mone Interiors, having moved away from her Ultimo and QVC jewellery range businesses. 

Alongside her success in the business world over the last few years, Michelle has also been introduced in the House of Lords and is in the best shape of her life having lost six stone. 

Michelle’s secret? Treating her body and fitness regime like a business. 

Speaking to Express.co.uk, she said: “I’ve lost a lot of weight over the last few years – I lost six stone. Quite simply I wasn’t looking after my health or body. 

“I needed to treat my body and fitness regime like a business, the minute I started doing that things clicked.”

Michelle now exercises for one hour a day, wherever she is in the world, eats well and also juices. 

She said: “The brilliant Jason Vale has taught me the benefits of juicing and it’s life changing.” 

So what does Michelle’s exercise regime entail?

Every morning, Michelle and her partner Doug do an hour of yoga with a green juice – and she said she loves ginger shots too. 

She added: “We’ve also just stared our own vegetable patch, and experimenting with vegan dishes. 

“I do feel that I’m the healthiest I’ve ever been. I truly believe that a healthy body equals a healthy mind, and that’s important in the business world.” 

Design and interiors have long been a big part of Michelle’s success, from the intricate design process of ‘the perfect bra’ with Ultimo, a jewellery range with QVC, to personally renovating the interiors of her own homes. 

With the launch of her new business, Michelle also revealed her top home interior rips for homeowners looking for a quick and easy sale. 

Michelle’s first tip is all to do with the colour of the inside of your home. 

She said: “Be clever when choosing colours – go neutral, that will never go out of fashion.” 

Her second tip is to make sure everything is in fully working order. 

She said: “Always insure the ‘back-room’ is working, i.e. the plumbing, lighting – that’s where your effort and money should go. Infrastructure is so important.” 

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http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/diets/850852/michelle-mone-weight-loss-diet Michelle Mone weight loss: How the baroness shed six stone using THIS diet tip

[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Michelle Mone weight loss: How the baroness shed six stone using THIS diet tip

Project Blue’s Planet-Hunting Space Telescope Gets New Crowdfunding Campaign [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Saturn Moon Enceladus Shows Off Its Moves for Cassini (Video) [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Irma, Jose and Katia: 3 Atlantic Hurricanes As Seen from Space (Video) [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: How to lose weight fast with two week diet plan where carbs ARE allowed [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: How to lose weight fast with two week diet plan where carbs ARE allowed [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Fiona Kirk is the author of “2 Weeks in the Fast Lane” and its follow-up “2 Weeks in the Super Fast Lane” promise speedy weight loss for those needing to  get in shape for an event.

Kirk devised her plan after research showed between 85 and 95 per cent of dieters regain the weight they have lost within five years.

So she studied the ones who had managed to maintain their weight loss and see what they did to be successful.

She said: “I interviewed hundreds of people and discovered that 63 per cent of successful dieters had found a so-called quick fix diet that actually worked.

“The initial fat loss encouraged them to include in their daily lives some of the eating, drinking, exercise and lifestyle strategies they learned. Not only did they reach their fat loss goal, they kept it off.”

Discussing the plan she created after her research, she said: “This is not a crash diet.

“It doesn’t count or restrict calories or leave you short of nutritional goodness. It’s not depressing or demotivating and, whilst it flags up the fat-gaining potential of regular consumption of certain carbohydrates, in no way is it low carb.”

There are a list of rules that must be followed for the plan to work in the two week time frame.

Consume only fruit until 11.30am, as it is easier to digest if it is eaten on its own.

Have a bowl of soup at lunchtime with a plate of salad on the side.

Starchy carbs such as sweet potatoes, beans, lentils, couscous, brown rice and quinoa are allowed before 6pm. They can be eaten after 6pm if you exercise in the evening. White carbs such as rice, break and pasta are not allowed.

Eat at least three vegetables or a big salad with the evening meal.

Get 30 minutes of physical activity every day, ideally first thing in the morning as this is when fat is burned more efficiently and continues to do so for up to eight hours afterwards.

Drink water every two to three hours, as every chemical reaction in the body needs water to get a result.

If things go wrong, don’t worry, just get back on track as quickly as possible.

Juices, salads and soups can be shop-bought if you don’t have time to make your own.

Stick to the plan for two weeks, and after the time is up, you can continue the plan for as long as you want to or you can play around with the recipes to suit your tastes.

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[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Weight loss: How to lose weight fast with two week diet plan where carbs ARE allowed

Victoria’s Secret’s Gigi Hadid: How to get the supermodel’s body in just THREE moves [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Victoria’s Secret’s Gigi Hadid: How to get the supermodel’s body in just THREE moves [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

With her long flowing locks and the smouldering look she gives the cameras, Gigi Hadid’s flawless physique surely bagged her a spot in this year’s Victoria’s Secret line-up. 

Gigi walked the show last year alongside sister Bella Hadid, 20, and best friend Kendall Jenner, 21, and has appeared in catwalks and fashion campaigns all over the world

But with a busy schedule all-year-round how does the American-born beauty maintain her toned appearance? 

Rob, the founder of Gotham Gym, and the model’s personal trainer revealed all. 

“When Gigi is in New York, we’ll work out every day for an hour, combining high-cardio boxing sequences of jabs, elbows and uppercuts plus knees and kicked with strength-training exercises on the mat,” he told Women’s Health. 

But while they work out together every day, their vary what they do according to how she is feeling. 

Rob, the founder of Gotham Gym, revealed their are three moves you can do to get a body like the Victoria’s Secret model. 

1. Donkey kicks 

According to Rob, this move is the perfect way to “work the gluten without bulking up the quads”. 

Start on all fours with your knees in line with your hips and your hands beneath your shoulders. 

Choose a leg to start with first then, making sure it is at a 90 degree bend, push it up towards the ceiling before returning to the start position. 

Do 20 reps then repeat on the other leg. 

2. Bicycle crunches 

To tighten up your abs, lie on the ground with your lower back pressed flat into the floor.  

Place your hands lightly on the sides of your head and have your head and shoulders raised slightly above the floor. 

Shoot out your left leg, twist the wait and being your legs elbow to meet your right knee. 

Return to the beginning position then repeat 20 times. 

3. Bicep curls and tricep extensions 

This is the best way to get rid of ‘bingo wings’. 

Grab either two hand weights or a bar weight and bring them up to a 90 degree angle, then repeat. 

For the tricep extension, begin with your hands above your head holding the dumbbell, lower it towards your back until your elbows are at 90 degrees, then lift and repeat. 

Also do these 20 times. 

You can get a body like a Victoria’s Secret Angel with this 15 minute exercise routine. 

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[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Victoria’s Secret’s Gigi Hadid: How to get the supermodel’s body in just THREE moves

NASA’s Kennedy Space Center Braces for Hurricane Irma [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

In Photos: SpaceX Launches X-37B Space Plane, Lands Falcon 9 Rocket [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

What is Astronomy? Definition & History [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Wednesday, November 29, 2017

How to Build a Dyson Swarm [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Hurricane Irma Threat Closes Arecibo, World’s Second-Largest Radio Telescope [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Storm Warning: Solar Outburst Could Scramble Earth’s Communications [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Famous Astronomers | List of Great Scientists in Astronomy [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Sun Unleashes Monster Solar Flare, Strongest in a Decade [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Lisa Riley weight loss: Emmerdale star, 41, reveals the TRUE extent of her ‘baggy body’ [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Lisa Riley weight loss: Emmerdale star, 41, reveals the TRUE extent of her ‘baggy body’ [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Lisa, 41, revealed she was left with a stone of loose skin that made going to the bathroom a challenge.

Speaking in her documentary, Lisa’s Baggy Body club, the TV star detailed the negative side of losing weight before she underwent surgery to remove the excess skin.

She said she felt like “a balloon that’s had all its helium taken out”.

She continued: “Everything’s closer. Just been able to go to the toilet, to wipe my ****y. Well my ***y is here now.

“I had to really reach round all the fat and reach down under, but it’s there.”

Lisa had said she felt “repulsed by her reflection”, so decided to have four surgeries to remove the skin.

Discussing how unhappy she was with her body after weight loss, Lisa told The Mirror: “When I made the ­decision to lose weight, I never for one second imagined that I would end up looking like that. It never occurred to me that the loose skin would be so bad.”

She continued: “I was revolted by my own image, it was rancid. I was used to seeing the obese Lisa reflection, but this saggy mess was new, it was painful and it was quashing the brilliance of what I had done.”

Lisa went on to start a community for people experiencing the same thing as her, and also decided to document her battle on Lisa Riley’s Baggy Body Club.

The actress underwent a tummy tuck, surgery to remove the loose skin for her thighs, a boob lift and the removal of her “bingo wings”.

She has been left with scaring, but said it was worth it to remove the excess skin.

She explained: “I had more than 60 stretch marks, so what are a few scars? I do not care about my scars at all. I am proud of them. I am happy to show them. I couldn’t be happier about my body now if I tried.”

Lisa regularly updates fans with her weight loss on Instagram.

She even shares before and after pictures to make a comparison, posting one in June.

She captioned the image: “Some days it REALLY dawns on me how TRULY far I have come…and every day now…training hard….eating correctly….loving my life….head and heart in sync…..enjoying the person I was ALLOWED to become #smallerme #gettingsmaller #gymgirl @andrewmayers_pt” [sic]

The post received thousand of likes and positive comments congratulating the star.

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[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Lisa Riley weight loss: Emmerdale star, 41, reveals the TRUE extent of her ‘baggy body’

Duchess of Cambridge pregnant: Did the Queen just REVEAL the gender of new royal baby? [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Duchess of Cambridge pregnant: Did the Queen just REVEAL the gender of new royal baby? [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Earlier today the Queen opened the new Queensferry Crossing in Scotland wearing head-to-toe blue.

She dazzled in a coordinated ensemble as she admired the UK’s tallest bridge which spans over the Forth.

The monarch’s appearance came as it was announced the Duchess of Cambridge is pregnant with Her Majesty’s fourth great-grandchild.

While the gender of the baby has not yet been announced, the 91 year old seems to have given a very public hint that she would like it to be a boy.

The Queen chose a matching hat and coat in the same shade of baby blue.

She tied the outfit together with black shoes, handbag and gloves.

To soften the look, she sported floral detailing on her hat, as well as a silver brooch.

Her colourful outfit outshone that of Nicola Sturgeon.

The First Minister of Scotland played it safe in monochrome.

Her Majesty was accompanied to the bridge opening with her husband Prince Philip.

The royal family is said to be delighted with the news that the Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are expecting a new sibling for Prince George and Princess Charlotte.

A palace statement read: “Their royal Highnesses The Duke and Duchess of Cambridge are very pleased to announce that The Duchess of Cambridge is expecting their third child.

“The Queen and members of both families are delighted with the news.”

Whether or not blue really does mean a boy, the monarch is certainly a fan of a statement shade.

In July she wore yellow to open the new headquarters of the Metropolitan Police.

Earlier that same month she chose a deep purple to welcome the King and Queen of Spain on a State visit.

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http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/diets/849832/duchess-of-cambridge-pregnant-queen-elizabeth Duchess of Cambridge pregnant: Did the Queen just REVEAL the gender of new royal baby?

[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Duchess of Cambridge pregnant: Did the Queen just REVEAL the gender of new royal baby?

As Hurricane Irma Approaches, SpaceX Poised to Launch Air Force’s X-37B Space Plane [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

As Hurricane Irma Approaches, SpaceX Poised to Launch Air Force’s X-37B Space Plane [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

WASHINGTON — As Florida braces for a hurricane expected to make landfall this weekend, the U.S. Air Force and SpaceX still hope to launch the X-37B reusable space plane before the storm hits.

However, officials in Cape Canaveral, Florida, are forecasting only a 50 percent chance of acceptable weather for Thursday’s launch, which is expected to occur sometime between 9:00 a.m. and 3 p.m. Eastern. 

Friday’s forecast is worse, with only a 40 percent chance of acceptable weather. [Hurricane Irma in Photos: Views from Space of a Monster Storm]

But with Hurricane Irma expected to reach central Florida on Sunday, it looks like Thursday and Friday offer X-37B’s best chance to lift off from Kennedy Space Center’s Launch Complex 39A before the storm passes. 

Officials at neighboring Patrick Air Force Base said Tuesday that the 45th Space Wing had begun their hurricane preparations sooner than usual so that they can still support Thursday’s launch attempt. 

The X-37B mission is the second national security launch for SpaceX since the Air Force certified the company’s Falcon 9 rocket in 2015 to compete for Defense Department business. In May, SpaceX launched a classified payload for the National Reconnaissance Office, NROL-76. 

That launch followed back-to-back wins of the first two GPS 3 launch contracts the Air Force put out for bid. A third competition, for the mid-2018 launch of the multi-spacecraft Space Test Program-3 mission, went to United Launch Alliance in June. That launch, which will employ ULA’s most-powerful variant of its Atlas 5 rocket, would have required SpaceX to have used its Falcon Heavy, which is still months from its debut.

The Boeing-built X-37B has been launched into orbit four times since 2010, accumulating a total of 2,085 days in space. All four missions have been launched atop Atlas 5s. 

Air Force Secretary Heather Wilson disclosed during an early June congressional hearing that SpaceX, not ULA, would be launching X-37B this time around. She suggested that price was a factor in the Air Force’s decision to go with Falcon 9. “The benefit we’re seeing now is competition,” she said. “There are some very exciting things happening in commercial space that bring the opportunity for assured access to space at a very competitive price.”

Randy Walden, director of the Air Force Rapid Capabilities Office, however, emphasized flexibility over cost savings.  

“[T]he ability to launch the [X-37B] on multiple platforms will ensure a robust launch capability for our experiment designers,” Walden said in June. “We are excited about this new partnership on creating flexible and responsive launch options and are confident in SpaceX’s ability to provide safe and assured access to space for the X-37B program.”

The Air Force says X-37B will be launched into a higher-inclination orbit than prior missions, further expanding the space plane’s orbital envelope. In addition to testing the vehicle’s flexibility and performance, the mission will also carry aloft an undisclosed number of experimental payloads. 

“The many firsts on this mission make the upcoming [X-37B] launch a milestone for the program,” Walden said in a press release.

One of the technologies being hosted for the fifth mission is the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Advanced Structurally Embedded Thermal Spreader (ASETS-II) payload to test experimental electronics and oscillating heat pipe technologies over long duration in the space environment.

The oscillating heat pipe features a simple, wickless design, the Air Force says, which could provide a low-cost solution to help overcome electronics thermal constraints often associated with increased power and bandwidth needs for space commercial and military users.

The tests will measure the pipe’s microgravity performance, startup characteristics, and long-term performance.

“It is our goal to continue advancing the X-37B [Orbital Test Vehicle] so it can more fully support the growing space community,” Walden said.

This fifth mission has a tough act to follow. X-37B’s fourth mission set an endurance record, racking up 718 days in orbit before landing in early May at Kennedy Space Center, Florida.

X-37B began as a NASA program in 1999, but transferred to Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency in 2004. DARPA transferred it to the Air Force in 2006. Total program costs and budget line are classified.

This story was provided by SpaceNews, dedicated to covering all aspects of the space industry.

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Steampunk Rover Could Explore Hellish Venus [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Victoria’s Secret 2017: How to get a body like a VS Angel with 15 minute exercise routine [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Victoria’s Secret 2017: How to get a body like a VS Angel with 15 minute exercise routine [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Angels and Victoria’s Secret models only get the job if they are in peak physical fitness.

Michael Blauner is one of the celebrity trainers who works with the models ahead of each show, and he has now revealed the workouts the women do to get runway-ready.

Speaking about the models he works with, he said: “I put Rachel Hilbert through some pretty tough sessions. She’s in great shape.

“I do a lot of fast paced, high intensity training with her. I vary the workout using many forms of exercise mixed into one workout; it’s my own style: Individualism.

“Models need to train hard. Being in front of the camera, in front of the world, it’s a must!”

Michael, from New Jersey, USA, made the comments in an interview with the Miami Herald.

He continued: “I think Adriana Lima is always in amazing shape. I never trained her, but I think she does a lot of cardio that includes much jump rope. She probably does light weights for toning that does not thicken the muscle – just tone.

“I also think Jasmine Tookes has a rockin’ fitness body. I gather she trains hard and includes a lot of squats and p90x into her routine.”

Michael also shared a workout he uses that can be done in just 15 minutes.

He said: “I like and promote a quick 15-minute workout. Take a circuit of five big motion exercises (squats/push-ups/pull ups/burpees/jump rope as an example) and go through each three times doing one set per minute.

“This covers a lot of ground in a short amount of time. There are countless exercises you can put in the circuit, or you can go out for a mile run or walk as quickly as possible.”

He also said the most important workout routine is “the one you’re going to consistently do”.

He continued: “The one that you’re going to consistently do; therefore, it must be somewhat enjoyable to you. Of course, it must be productive and efficient as well.

“I’m a huge fan of intense fast resistance training mixed with natural body motions and stretching.

“This type of workout covers a lot of ground in one session. It should elevate your heart to a cardio fit level and at the same time, develop strength and a ton of lean muscle.”

The results of Michael’s training will be on display when the models walk the runway in Shanghai for the Victoria’s Secret show in October.

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[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Victoria’s Secret 2017: How to get a body like a VS Angel with 15 minute exercise routine

Weight loss news: Men find THIS type of exercise harder than women [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss news: Men find THIS type of exercise harder than women [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Research has discovered men find certain types of exercise more challenging than women.

A study published in the journal Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism revealed that men struggled with endurance exercise to a greater extent than women.

They discovered the latter were ‘considerably less tired’ after completing endurance exercise.

This includes workouts such as running, jogging and swimming.

However, men were faster and demonstrated more power during the study than women.

Such qualities may mean they are better at short, intense workouts such as HIIT training and lifting weights.

Professor Brian Dalton, study author, said: “We’ve known for some time that women are less fatiguable than men during isometric muscle tests – static exercises where joints don’t move, such as holding a weight – but we wanted to find out if that’s true during more dynamic and practical everyday movements. 

“And the answer is pretty definitive: women can outlast men by a wide margin.”

He added that both men and women had ‘valuable physical abilities’.

In the study, men and women were asked to flex their foot as quickly as possible 200 times.

The exercise was similar to calf raises, where calves are used to lift a weight.

Researchers discovered that women had 15 per cent less fatigue-related change in peak power, meaning they tired less.

However, the change in force applied at peak power was 11 per cent less for women than men.

Research has also indicated that men and women should fuel their workouts differently.

A 2016 study by the University of Surrey last year revealed that men who ate after exercising burned 8 per cent more fat.

In contrast, women burned 22 per cent more fat if they had food before a session.

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Saturn V and the Storm: Houston’s NASA Landmarks Weather Hurricane Harvey [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: THIS date is when Britons begin to pile on the pounds – and how to avoid it [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: THIS date is when Britons begin to pile on the pounds – and how to avoid it [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The ‘Autumn Outlook Algorithm’ is a concept whereby external factors influence behaviour. These include weather, nature, light, societal timetables, TV, clothing, media, behaviour, mood, time pressures, as well as food and exercise. 

Working with psychologist Professor Geoff Beattie, Weight Watchers has identified the 18th September as the date when the seasonal shift begins to impact Britons’ lives. 

Professor Beattie said: “In meteorological terms, autumn beings on September 1. Astronomers, on the other hand, date autumn on the basis of the autumnal equinox when night and day are roughly the same length – in the UK, this will occur on the 22nd September. However, neither of these dates may correspond with our psychological thoughts and feelings that autumn is now starting. There are a number of factors that may influence how we feel about whether autumn has begun.”

The predicted date is supported by consumer research commissioned by Weight Watchers of 2,500 Brits, which finds that two in five (40 per cent) Brits will gain more than 5 pounds during the autumn (44 per cent of men vs. 35 per cent of women). With only one in five Brits (21 per cent) saying they will not put on weight during the cooler months.

Many Brits (43 per cent) are frustrated by the weight that they put on during the autumn months – women more so than men (53 per cent women vs. 35 per cent men). This figure rises to two in three (66 per cent) of mums with primary aged children surveyed. Although 13 per cent of each sample group said they’d ‘just deal with it in January’.

Professor Beattie said: “The transition between seasons can have a major effect on our psychological state, including our mood, our behaviour and our patterns of thinking. All of which can result in changes to our behaviour – from what we reach for to eat, to our propensity to exercise, which can result in an increase in our weight.

“Of course, there is also the very positive side to the start of autumn. As summer departs and there is a dip in temperature this provides many people with a sudden burst in energy, free from the sluggishness of summer. This gives many people the push to try new things with added zest.” 

As we transition into autumn, many believe there is less pressure to keep their weight down because they can wear layers and baggier clothing – 32 per cent of the general population and 53 per cent of mums. This is in contrast to the warmer months, whereby more than half are more conscious of their body because it is on show more – rising to 68 per cent of women and three quarters of mums (76 per cent).” 

When it came to eating more in the cooler months, 39 per cent admitted to doing this, with 48 per cent of people turning more regularly to comfort foods – 19 per cent turned to takeaways and 19 per cent admitted to drinking more alcohol. 

A further 21 per cent disagreed with the statement they felt less motivation to go to the gym or workout during the cooler months. 

With the change of season coinciding with the end of summer holidays, Professor Beattie said: “The end of the school holidays signals the end of summer for many people, and not just families with children. This has an immediate effect on psychological aspects of most of our lives in a number of very obvious ways – time come more structured, traffic in cities can become more hectic with the school rush leading to higher levels of stress, and there is now less free time available to do social and recreational activities.” 

For mums in particular, their own health is often put on the back burner at the expense of busy family schedules – 58 per cent say their child’s routine impacts they own ability to maintain a healthy lifestyle, with 48 per cent saying they find it hard to find the motivation to exercise around their child’s busy schedule. 

Zoe Griffiths, head of programme and public health at Weight Watchers, said: “For many Brits, the shift in season will bring with it a change in outlook – a recognition that maintaining a healthy lifestyle is going to be more difficult. Our research found that to keep track of their health and fitness in the cooler months, brits want access to cheaper healthier foods, guidance on healthier foods and on fitness, as we as support from friends and family. 

“With food, activity and wellbeing deeply engrained in the Weight Watchers philosophy, we have designed the new Guid to Owning Autumn to provide motivation, support and easy-to-follow guidance to help members and non-members throughout the cooler months.” 

The Weight Watchers Guide to Owning Autumn is available online and will be updated regularly throughout the autumn months. The Guide will include easy home workouts for cold days, budget-friendly healthy recipes, tis for accessible mindfulness and more. For more information visit www.weightwatchers.com/uk/how-to-lose-lbs-and-save-pounds.

Rebel Wilson – who shot to fame as ‘Fat Amy’ in Pitch Perfect – has been showing off a trimmed down figure of late as she films a new movie with Liam Hemsworth, and her slimmer figure is down to one particular form of exercise.

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http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/diets/850753/weight-loss-diet-exercise-weight-watchers Weight loss: THIS date is when Britons begin to pile on the pounds – and how to avoid it

[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Weight loss: THIS date is when Britons begin to pile on the pounds – and how to avoid it

Star Wars: Episode IX Director Drops Out of Creative Differences [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Star Wars: Episode IX Director Drops Out of Creative Differences [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The planned writer/director for Star Wars: Episode IX, Colin Trevorrow, has left the project. In a statement issued by Lucasfilm, Trevorrow’s departure was a mutual decision but that “our visions for the project differ.” Lucasfilm had recently stated plans to begin filming in January 2018.

The status of Episode IX‘s screenplay is unclear – Trevorrow was to co-write that in addition to direct, joined by writers Derek Connolly and Jack Thorne.

This is the third time a director for a Star Wars film has left the project, following Josh Trank on an untitled Star Wars anthology film, and more recently Phil Lord and Chris Miller from the as-yet-untitled Han Solo film.

Trevorrow was hired in August 2015 by Lucasfilm off the success of Jurassic World. That led him to opt out of directing the next Jurassic film, although he did co-write the screenplay. Trevorrow’s most recent film, Book of Henry, was poorly received at the box office as well as critically, with $4.4m box office revenue against a $10m budget and a current 22 percent Rotten Tomatoes score.

Star Wars: The Last Jedi, directed by Rian Johnson, is scheduled for release December 15.

Star Wars: Episode IX is scheduled for release May 24, 2019.

Originally published on Newsarama.

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https://www.space.com/38055-star-wars-episode-ix-director-drops-out-over-creative-differences.html Star Wars: Episode IX Director Drops Out of Creative Differences

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Totally Active: Eclipse Photos Reveal Sunspots, Solar Flares [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

‘Potentially Catastrophic’ Hurricane Irma Approaches Caribbean in Satellite Views [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Tuesday, November 28, 2017

‘Force Friday’ Festivities Pair with ‘Star Wars’ AR App [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Harvey Response: NASA Lends Space-Based Eyes to Recovery [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: How to get rid of stubborn belly fat with NO diet or exercise changes [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: How to get rid of stubborn belly fat with NO diet or exercise changes [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

But there is one thing you can do to see a reduction in fat around the middle, and it doesn’t involve a new diet or extreme exercise.

Belly fat is in fact often linked to an overproduction of the stress hormone cortisol.

Stress causes the adrenal glands to produce cortisol in the body, and high levels of the hormone are known to increase stomach fat.

This is because the hormone leads to a huge in appetite that causes fat storage to build in the abdominals.

This is true even if total calories ingested for the day are within a healthy range, as it is linked to the food chosen rather than the amount consumed.

Studies have shown it is worse for women, as they naturally produce more cortisol than men thanks to their larger waistlines.

And it isn’t just exposure to stress that will effect your waistline – how you cope with that stress will also change if you gain weight.

Those who react helplessly to uncontrollable stress fare worse, a 1994 study found. It said: “Differences in coping and appraisal may suggest that a particular psychological pattern might influence the reactivity of the adrenal-cortical system to stress, and subsequent fat distribution.”

Avoiding stress and coping with it well are ways to avoid weight gain around the midsection, and many people think avoiding carbs will also help – but an expert has revealed this is not the case.

In fact, eating the right carbohydrates could help you lose weight.

MealKitt, who specialise in portion control, explained to Express.co.uk that those trying to lose weight are better off keeping carbs as part of their diet.

All dieters should do is make sure they are eating the right type.

They explained: “Most of us think that in order to lose weight and maintain a healthy diet we should be cutting out carbs, or at least minimising the amount we consume.

“However this isn’t always the case; carbohydrates come in many forms and some can be essential for our wellbeing.

“Carbohydrates are the body’s main source of energy as they are broken down into glucose before being absorbed into the blood stream.

“Moreover carbohydrates that are high in fibre will bulk up your meals and help you feel full.”

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Did Climate Change Intensify Harvey’s Catastrophic Effects? [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

‘Major Pucker Factor’: Will SpaceX’s Falcon Heavy Ace Its Maiden Launch? [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Best Space Books and Sci-Fi: A Space.com Reading List [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Rebel Wilson weight loss: Pitch Perfect’s ‘Fat Amy’ shed the pounds doing THIS exercise [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Rebel Wilson weight loss: Pitch Perfect’s ‘Fat Amy’ shed the pounds doing THIS exercise [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Rebel Wilson has recently been spotted out sporting a more svelte physique as she works on highly-anticipated new film, Isn’t it Romantic, alongside Liam Hemsworth.

The 37-year-old Australian actress, best known for roles in Pitch Perfect and Bridesmaids, was seen filming in New York wearing a Pretty Woman-inspired red dress.

Famous for her curves, the stunning evening gown emphasised a trimmer frame.

However, this isn’t the first time Rebel has wowed with her weight loss.

The star began shedding the pounds in April 2016 and first revealed the results of a healthier lifestyle at the wedding of her Pitch Perfect co-stars Anna Camp and Skylar Astin. 

By the end of last year she announced she had lost almost 15kg.

She has credited hiking with helping her weight loss transformation.

In an Instagram post she wrote: “OMG just finished 4 fantastic days at #TheRanch4.0…so challenging but very rewarding! Not to mention I lost 8 pounds from marathon king over the four days! 

“Thanks to the amazing staff and masseuses (free daily massages are part of the program)!! Feeling great!!”

Posts on the social media site also reveal her penchant for tennis and beach walks in her home town of Melbourne.

Despite slimming down, Rebel continues to be a poster girl for body confidence in curvier women.

Rebel told Cosmopolitan in 2015: “Being unique and different was a really good thing.

“I walked into my agent’s office for the first time [in 2009], they looked at me and said, ‘Wow, we have nobody on our books like you’. And they signed me on my second day here.

“I wouldn’t ever want to compete with what I call ‘the glamours’ – the really gorgeous people. I’m about the brain, the heart and what’s on the inside. I feel really lucky to be the body type I am.”

Earlier this year she launched a plus-size clothing range, Rebel x Angels.

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http://www.express.co.uk/life-style/diets/849785/rebel-wilson-weight-loss-diet Rebel Wilson weight loss: Pitch Perfect's 'Fat Amy' shed the pounds doing THIS exercise

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September Full Moon 2017: The ‘Corn Moon’ Cozies Up to Neptune [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Solar Eclipse Lawsuit: Couple Sues Amazon Alleging Faulty Glasses [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Solar Eclipse Lawsuit: Couple Sues Amazon Alleging Faulty Glasses [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

A couple in South Carolina has filed a lawsuit against Amazon, alleging that the company sold faulty solar eclipse glasses that did not adequately protect their eyes during last week’s eclipse.

The proposed class-action lawsuit was filed in a South Carolina federal court on Tuesday (Aug. 29), according to Reuters.

The lawsuit says that the couple — Corey Thomas Payne and Kayla Harris, of Charleston, South Carolina — purchased a three-pack of solar eclipse glasses on Amazon in early August. They used these glasses to view the solar eclipse on Monday, Aug. 21, which was visible across the United States.

They did not look at the sun without wearing the glasses, but soon after, they claim that they experienced a number of eye symptoms, including dark spots in their vision, blurriness and changes in perception of color, the lawsuit says. These are all symptoms of solar retinopathy, or damage to the eye’s retina that happens from looking directly at the sun. Often, symptoms of solar retinopathy are temporary, but sometimes they are permanent.

Prior to the eclipse, Amazon did issue a recall of some of the solar eclipse glasses sold on its site. In these cases, customers received an email from Amazon saying that the company could not verify that the purchased glasses were made by a recommended manufacturer. But Payne and Harris say that they never received the recall email.

The lawsuit is seeking to represent people who, like Payne and Harris, claim they experienced injuries after using solar eclipse glasses bought on Amazon.

Original article on Live Science.

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https://www.space.com/38038-solar-eclipse-glasses-amazon-lawsuit.html Solar Eclipse Lawsuit: Couple Sues Amazon Alleging Faulty Glasses

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Deep-Space Challenge: Broken Bones May Heal Best in Earthlike Gravity [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

TRAPPIST-1 Planets May Still Be Wet Enough for Life, Despite Losing Many Oceans [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

NASA’s Planet-Hunting Kepler Tackles Mysteries of the Pleiades’ ‘Seven Sisters’ [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Dream Chaser Space Plane Makes Crucial Leap Toward Orbital Flights [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Another Monster Storm Is Brewing in the Eastern Atlantic [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Holidays in Space: An Astronaut Photo Album [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Holidays in Space: An Astronaut Photo Album [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The holidays might be time for joy or reflection on Earth, but the same is true for space. See how astronauts mark the holidays away from family and friends for months at a time in this Space.com gallery. HERE: NASA astronaut Douglas Wheelock sends a Fourth of July message to the United States and poses with the Congressional Medal of Honor awarded to the late Lester Stone, an Army sergeant killed in action during the Vietnam War, on July 4, 2010. [Read the Full Story.

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Here’s How Light May Have Burst Through the Universe and Out of the Dark Ages [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The Most Amazing Space Photos This Week! [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The Most Amazing Space Photos This Week! [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

As the SpaceX Dragon cargo ship approached the International Space Station Wednesday (Aug. 16), the Canadarm2 robotic arm reached out to grapple the spacecraft. Canadarm2 then installed the Dragon at the space station’s Harmony module, where the crew will unpack more than 6,400 lbs. (2,900 kilograms) of supplies, science experiments and some ice cream. Read more.

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https://www.space.com/32252-amazing-images.html The Most Amazing Space Photos This Week!

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Build Your Own Star Wars Droid With New littleBits Kit [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The Trump Administration and NASA (Photos) [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The Trump Administration and NASA (Photos) [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

President Donald Trump’s administration is working with NASA on new space exploration policies for the United States. See photos of President Trump and his administration as they work with NASA.

Here Trump, center, speaks before signing an Executive Order to reestablish the National Space Council, alongside members of the Congress, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and Commercial Space Companies in the Roosevelt room of the White House in Washington, Friday, June 30, 2017. Vice President Mike Pence will chair the council. Also pictured are, Rep. Bill Posey, R-Florida, Rep. Lamar Smith, R-Texas, Rep. John Culberson, R-Texas, Rep. Steven Palazzo, R-Miss., Rep. Brian Babin, R-Texas, Rep. Mo Brooks, R-Alabama, Rep. Dana Rohrbacher, R-California, Former Rep. Bob Walker, R-Pennsylvania, Sandy Magnus, executive director, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, David Melcher, executive director, Aerospace Industries Association, Tory Bruno, CEO, United Launch Alliance, Michal Riley, CEO, AMRO Fabricating Corporation, John Couch, president, Futuramic, Mike Cain, owner, Cain Tubular Products, Mary Lynne Dittmar, executive director, Coalition for Deep Space Exploration, Dennis Muilenburg, CEO Boeing Company, Marilyn Hewson, CEO, Lockheed Martin, Wes Bush, CEO, Northrop Grumman, retired NASA astronaut Buzz Aldrin, NASA astronaut Alvin Drew, retired NASA astronaut David Wolf, Apollo 13 flight director, Gene Kranz, Secretary of Commerce Wilbur Ross, Under Secretary of the Air Force Lisa Disbrow, and Acting Deputy Director of National Intelligence, Dawn Eilengerger.

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https://www.space.com/37797-trump-administration-and-nasa-photos.html The Trump Administration and NASA (Photos)

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$100 Million E.T. Hunt Spots 15 Mysterious Light Flashes [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Night Sky: Visible Planets, Moon Phases & Events, September 2017 [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Image of the Day [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Image of the Day [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Monday, July 31, 2017: NASA astronaut Jack Fischer tweeted this gorgeous image taken on the International Space Station featuring sunrise on Earth.

“What do you need to start a Monday morning off right?” he wrote. “1. Floating coffee. 2. A pretty sunrise. Check and check!”

Fischer has more people to share the sunrise with now; with three new arrivals Friday, there are now six crewmembers aboard the space station crew. — Sarah Lewin

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https://www.space.com/34-image-day.html Image of the Day

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Here’s How One Man Beat the Crowds to View the Total Solar Eclipse [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Here’s How One Man Beat the Crowds to View the Total Solar Eclipse [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

John Delaney is Assistant Director of Communications for the Bronx Zoo-based WCS (Wildlife Conservation Society) and a member of the Amateur Astronomers Association of New York

Last week’s Great American Solar Eclipse generated both widespread media coverage and record crowds for towns and parks fortunate enough to lie within the path of totality. As the only national park in the eclipse track, Grand Teton National Park in Wyoming faced a record-setting crush of eclipse chasers, many of whom had to jockey for a limited number of parking spaces at five designated viewing sites.

Despite the crowds, I succeeded in seeing the eclipse with my wife and in-laws in the Grand Tetons, one of the last stops in our epic 2,340-mile (3,766 kilometers) road trip tour of the national parks of the American West. The journey was filled with awe-inspiring scenery and wildlife, all topped off with a crown jewel of astronomical splendor.

Fortunately, the widely reported traffic jams and crowds hardly affected our experience, thanks to a minor miracle made possible by social media. An Instagram post made by my wife the day before the eclipse produced an unexpected prize: a lunch reservation and guaranteed parking, a possibility that went largely unnoticed by the many thousands of motorists hoping to score a prime spot for witnessing history. It was the stellar equivalent of a “golden ticket” for Willy Wonka’s chocolate factory tour. [See How One Man Photographed the Great American Solar Eclipse]

My story begins with an effort to keep travel expenses to a minimum. Many eclipse chasers plan years in advance, and in most instances, long-distance travel is required. My first solar eclipse experience took place in Egypt in 2006, a tour that combined astronomy with side trips to the Great Pyramids and other archeological wonders. It wasn’t cheap.

My wife and I started preparing for the 2017 eclipse a year ago by exploring the more budget-minded option of reserving a site at a campground somewhere along the eclipse track, rather than buying an expensive tour package. Grand Teton National Park offered an irresistibly monumental setting for a total solar eclipse, and the image of totality falling on those majestic mountains captured my imagination.

Of course, many others had the same idea for Aug. 21, as we would later find out. When we tried to reserve a spot at Jenny Lake Campground over the phone, we learned that all campgrounds in Grand Teton National Park are strictly “first-come, first serve.” We did succeed in reserving a spot in Grant Village Campground in nearby Yellowstone National Park, but this spot was outside the path of totality. To see totality, we would have to travel south to Grand Teton National Park on the morning of the eclipse.

I still wanted to secure a spot in the Grand Tetons to avoid the need to drive on eclipse day, but a campground reservation in Yellowstone was a sensible backup plan and still close to totality. [In Photos: Take a Tour of Grand Teton National Park]

It seemed so tranquil when we arrived at Grand Teton on the morning of Aug. 18, just as the sun was hitting the top of the mountains, but this was the calm before the storm. When I told a park ranger we were planning to drive down from Yellowstone to one of the public viewing areas, she laughed and said, “Yes, you and about 500,000 people.”

She also told me that no parking lot queues would be allowed. If you weren’t in the right place to enter a parking lot at 6 a.m., you might have to find a place to see the eclipse elsewhere. My mood darkened as I contemplated Manhattan-style gridlock in what should have been a smooth car ride to totality. But, having traveled across the country to see the eclipse, I was determined to press on, and I convinced my wife, her mother and brother that sitting in traffic for a spot in Grand Teton National Park would be worth it in the end.

Then, in a sort of deus ex machina twist, fate intervened, sparing us uncertainty and potentially hours of waiting to get to our preferred eclipse location. As I was practicing my sun photography with my telephoto lens and solar filter at the Grant Village Campground in Yellowstone National Park the day before the eclipse, my wife delivered good news.

“Dornan’s still has a few tickets left for their eclipse lunch party,” she said.

The night before, we had eaten dinner at Dornan’s Chuckwagon-Grill, a rustic, cowboy-style, open-air restaurant in Jackson Hole, Wyoming, which is inside the boundaries of the park. We had a wonderful, western-style buffet dinner of barbeque ribs, pulled pork and a variety of side dishes, along with a locally produced “Solar Eclipse” wine with the Grand Teton mountains practically towering over our picnic table. My wife took a picture of the impressive spread and backdrop and posted it to Instagram, tagging Dornan’s in the text. The next day, a staff member at Dornan’s “liked” my wife’s post, which in turn, led my wife to the restaurant’s website. She then learned of the special “Eclipse Lunch” that had somehow gone undetected by the hordes descending on Grand Teton.

I don’t remember ever picking up the phone and dialing a number so quickly. We paid $50 per person for our reservations, a bargain considering the uncertain chances of finding a parking space in the national park.

Our lunch reservations gave us a measure of security in our viewing plans, but we still had to get into Grand Teton to see totality. To avoid traffic on the big day, we got up at 2 a.m. and were on the road traveling south by 3 a.m. To my amazement, a motorcade of cars was already heading towards Grand Teton. When we arrived at the town of Moose, Wyoming, in the valley of Jackson Hole at about 4:30 a.m., a security guard hired by Dornan’s allowed us to enter the parking lot only because we had a reservation.

At first, we were the only ones in the parking lot, and we slept in the car. I watched Venus rise in the east along with the glow of the rising sun. I could also see a line of cars bumper-to-bumper forming on the main road at Grand Teton in the distance, park visitors scrambling to find a place to park. Soon, two large Mayflower Tours buses as well as a smaller bus from Colorado College were admitted to the Dornan’s lot, adding a few hundred additional observers to the still relatively uncrowded parking lot. Not too few, and not too many. Just right.

As the sun rose over the horizon, a few wispy cirrus cloud formations were all that stood in the way of an unobstructed view of the eclipse. They soon disappeared, and several other eclipse chasers began setting up their cameras and tripods to capture the event. My own camera setup consisted of a Nikon D600 camera, a 500mm Sigma lens, a solar filter and a tripod. I had rehearsed my imaging sequence as much as possible before the eclipse so I would not become flustered during the real thing.

I started snapping images of the sun a little after 10 a.m., just before first contact (when the moon first encroaches into the disk of the sun). The first appearance of the moon — a small bite out of the upper right corner of the photosphere — soon expanded as I watched a series of sunspots in the center of the sun disappear one by one behind the moon. One person alerted the group to the appearance of shadow bands —  caused by the edge of the moon’s shadow — racing over the Grand Tetons  and parking lot. [Photos: 2017 Great American Solar Eclipse]

Over the next hour, the sun would shrink to a mere crescent as the light levels on the scenic location dimmed and the temperature became a bit chilly. It was at this point that, in attempting to make a small adjustment to my camera mount, I loosened the altitude knob a bit too much, causing the camera to flop to one side. I struggled a bit to get the sun back in the viewfinder and managed to tighten the screws as totality descended on Moose.

While people cheered as day plunged into night, I reached toward the front of the camera to remove the solar filter. I looked up briefly to see the sun’s pearly corona, in the center of which was the blackest hole imaginable. I then turned my head down to focus on the job at hand: snapping a series of images at different shutter speeds to capture different elements of the corona.

Some of the most startling details of the sun’s outer edge are the prominences, magnetically directed arcs of plasma on the limb of the solar disk. Two such features were visible on the sun’s right limb.. As the crowd gasped in delight, many observers (myself included) attempted to capture the event on camera, like a cadre of paparazzi at an awards show. As smartphones, tablets and other devices clicked and snapped away around me, I struggled to make my way through my planned sequence, ranging from shutter speeds of 1/4000 of a second to 4 seconds. By the time I finished, the total eclipse was nearly over. Hoping to spend at least a few seconds just observing the event, I snapped the last of my shots and took a quick glance up at the awe-inspiring sight, then at the horizon; every direction was in twilight. [See Gorgeous Images of the Sun’s Corona in Simulation]

As the sun re-emerged from behind the moon, the crowd applauded. With totality lasting a mere 2 minutes and 17 seconds in our location, the experience seemed tragically brief, but still rewarding enough to be more than worth the effort. With totality over, I was finally able to examine a few of my pictures. I had managed to capture several beautiful shots of the sun’s corona during totality, and some nice pictures of the fiery prominences along the right solar limb. As for my wife and in-laws, they thoroughly enjoyed viewing the eclipse, in spite of the 2 a.m. wake-up call and my slightly obsessive behavior in getting the group into the best observation site.

In the end, all the preparations and effort were worth it. A total solar eclipse is one of nature’s greatest shows, an experience that not even the best high-resolution images can fully capture. Of course, these astounding displays can be addictive, and now that I have two total solar eclipses under my belt, I find myself thinking about where the next eclipse will be. Luckily, my wife has now become an eclipse addict as well.

And there’s good news for anyone who missed last week’s solar splendor: The next eclipse to make landfall in the U.S. will be in 2024, only seven years away. We are already making plans to see it in Maine. Can’t wait!

Originally published on Live Science.

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Monday, November 27, 2017

Tropical Storm Harvey Keeps NASA’s Houston Center Closed through Labor Day [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

NASA’s Johnson Space Center Braces for More Flooding from Harvey [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Girl Scouts ‘Reach for the Stars’ with New Space Science Badges [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

James Webb Space Telescope Surrounded by Rising Floodwaters [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Space Calendar 2017: Launches, Sky Events & More [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Space Calendar 2017: Launches, Sky Events & More [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

LAST UPDATED Aug. 30: These dates are subject to change, and will be updated throughout the year as firmer dates arise. Please DO NOT schedule travel based on a date you see here. Launch dates collected from NASA, ESA, Roscosmos, Spaceflight Now and others. Please send any corrections, updates or suggested calendar additions to hweitering@space.com.

Watch NASA webcasts and other live launch coverage on our Watch Live page, and see our night sky webcasts here. (You can also watch NASA TV live via nasa.gov or YouTube.)

Find out what’s up in the night sky this month with our visible planets guide and skywatching forecast. Spot the International Space Station, Hubble Space Telescope and other satellites in the sky above with this satellite tracker.

Aug. 31: India’s Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV-C39) will launch the IRNSS 1H navigation satellite, the eighth spacecraft in the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System, from the Satish Dhawan Space Center in Sriharikota, India at 9:29 a.m. EDT (1329 GMT).

Sept. 1: NASA TV will air the Expedition 52/53 Change of Command Ceremony at the International Space Station at 2:30 p.m. EDT (1830 GMT). Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin will hand over ISS Command to NASA astronaut Randy Bresnik.

Sept. 2: Three crewmembers will leave the International Space Station and return to Earth. NASA astronauts Peggy Whitson and Jack Fischer will climb into the Soyuz space capsule with Russian cosmonaut Fyodor Yurchikhin at about 2:40 p.m. EDT (1840 GMT). The Soyuz will undock at 5:58 p.m. EDT (2158 GMT) and land near Dzhezkazgan, Kazakhstan at 9:22 p.m. EDT (0122 GMT).

Sept. 5:Arianespace will use an Ariane 5 ECA rocket to launch the Intelsat 37e and BSAT 4a communications satellites.

Sept. 6: The full moon of September will occur on Wednesday, Sept. 6 at 3:03 a.m. EDT (0803 GMT). September’s full moon is known as the Full Harvest Moon.

Sept. 6: A Chinese Long March 2D rocket will launch the Venezuelan Remote Sensing Satellite, VRSS 2 from Jiuquan, China.

Sept. 7: A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch the U.S. military’s X-37B, a spaceplane also called the Orbital Test Vehicle, on the program’s fifth mission (OTV-5).

Sept. 9: An International Launch Services Proton rocket will launch the Amazonas 5 communications satellite into orbit from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.

Sept. 12: Expedition 53/54 crewmembers Mark Vande Hei of NASA and Alexander Misurkin of the Russian space agency Roscosmos will launch atop a Russian Soyuz rocket on a mission to the International Space Station at 5:17 p.m. EDT (2117 GMT).

Sept. 14: United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket will launch a classified payload for the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office (NROL-42) from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.

Sept. 15: NASA’s Cassini orbiter will plunge into Saturn, ending a nearly 20-year mission.

Sept. 17-22: European Planetary Science Congress 2017 (Riga, Latvia)

Sept. 21: A Eurockot Rockot launch vehicle with the Sentinel-5 Precursor Earth observation satellite will launch from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia.

Sept. 27:SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch the SES-11/EchoStar 105 hybrid communications satellite from Cape Canaveral, Florida. 

Sept. 28: United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket will launch a classified payload for the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office (NROL-52) from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

Sept. 28: An International Launch Services Proton rocket will deploy the AsiaSat-9 communications satellite into orbit following a launch from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan at 2:50 p.m. EDT (1850 GMT).

Oct. 4: A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch 10 Iridium NEXT satellites from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California at 9:06 a.m. EDT (13 GMT).

Oct. 5: The full moon of October occurs on Thursday, Oct. 5 at 2:40 p.m. EDT (1940 GMT). It is also known as the Full Hunter’s Moon.

Oct. 8The Draconid meteor shower will peak on Sunday, Oct. 8. Draconid meteors will appear Oct. 6-10 and are best viewed in the early evening hours.

Oct. 12: A Russian Soyuz rocket will launch the 68th Progress cargo delivery mission to theInternational Space Station. 

Oct. 15: Occultation of Regulus – The brightest star in the constellation Leo will be covered by a crescent moon in the early morning of Sunday, Oct. 15. The occultation will be visible from the United States and the Caribbean. 

Oct. 17: An Orbital ATK Minotaur-C rocket will launch six SkySat Earth observation satellites for Google/Skybox Imaging from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. 

Oct. 19: Uranus will be at opposition in its closest approach to Earth, and the planet’s face will be fully illuminated by the sun. This the best time to observe Uranus, though a telescope is required to do so.

Oct. 21-22: The Orionid meteor shower peaks on the night of Friday, Oct. 20 and the early morning of Saturday, Oct. 21. Orionid meteors will be visible from Oct. 2 to Nov. 7.

Oct. 26: A Russian Soyuz rocket will launch a crewed Soyuz spacecraft to the International Space Station with members of the Expedition 54/55 crew: Scott Tingle of NASA, Norishige Kanai of the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and Alexander Skvortsov of the Russian space agency Roscosmos. 

Nov. 1: SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch the Dragon CRS-13 spacecraft on a cargo delivery mission to the International Space Station from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. 

Nov. 4: The full moon of November will occur on Saturday, Nov. 4 at 12:23 a.m. EDT (0523 GMT). It is also known as the Full Beaver Moon.

Nov. 4-5The Taurid meteor shower will peak on the night of Saturday, Nov. 4 and the early morning of Sunday, Nov. 5. Taurid meteors will be visible from Sep. 7 to Dec. 10. This is a minor meteor shower with 5-10 meteors per hour, and light from the full moon may obstruct the view during the meteor shower’s peak.

Nov. 5: Occultation of Aldebaran. For the second time this year, the moon crosses in front of the bright star Aldebaran on Nov. 5. This time the waning gibbous moon will be nearly full. The occultation will be visible from most of North America in the early evening. [Watch the Moon Play ‘Peekaboo’ with Bright Star Aldebaran] 

Nov. 7: An Arianespace Vega rocket will launch with the MN35-13 Earth observation satellite for the government of Morocco from Kourou, French Guiana at 8 p.m. EST (0100 GMT on Nov. 8). 

Nov. 10: A United Launch Alliance Delta 2 rocket will launch the first spacecraft in the  Joint Polar Satellite System, NOAA’s next-generation series of polar-orbiting weather observatories.

Nov. 10: An Orbital ATK Antares rocket will launch the Cygnus cargo spacecraft (OA-8) to the International Space Station from Wallops Island, Virginia.

Nov. 13A spectacular conjunction of Venus and Jupiter will be visible in the evening sky. The two bright planets will be extremely close, appearing only 0.3 degrees apart. Look for this impressive pairing in the Eastern sky just before sunrise.

Nov. 14: An air-launched Orbital ATK Pegasus XL rocket will send NASA’s Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) satellite into orbit from Kwajalein, Marshall Islands. 

Nov. 17-18: The Leonid meteor shower peaks between Thursday, Nov. 17 and Friday, Nov. 18. But Leonid meteors will be visible in the sky throughout the month of November.

Nov. 17: An Orbital ATK Antares rocket will launch a Cygnus cargo spacecraft (OA-9) to the International Space Station from Wallops Island, Virginia.

Also slated to launch in November (from Spaceflight Now):

  • SpaceX plans to launch the Falcon Heavy rocket for its first demonstration flight from Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
  • SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch 10 Iridium NEXT satellites from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.
  • A Chinese Long March 5 rocket will launch the Chang’e 5 mission to return samples from the moon. 
  • A United Launch Alliance Delta 2 rocket will launch NASA’s ICESat-2 satellite to measure ice sheet elevation and ice sheet thickness changes linked to climate change, along with measurements of Earth’s vegetation biomass.

Dec. 3: The full moon of December, also known as the Full Cold Moon, occurs at 10:47 a.m. EDT (1547 GMT) on Monday, Dec. 3. This will also be the only “supermoon” of 2017.

Dec. 5-7: SpaceCom 2017 (Space Commerce Conference and Exposition) in Houston, Texas.

Dec. 13-14: The Geminid meteor shower peaks on the night of Wednesday, Dec. 13 and the early morning hours of Thursday, Dec. 14. Geminid meteors will be visible Dec. 7-16.

Dec. 13: A United Launch Alliance Delta 4 rocket will launch a classified spacecraft payload for the U.S. National Reconnaissance Office from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California. 

Dec. 21-22: The Ursid meteor shower peaks on the night of Thursday, Dec. 21 and the early morning hours of Friday, Dec. 22. Ursid meteors will appear in the sky Dec. 17-25.

Dec. 27: A Russian Soyuz rocket will launch three new crewmembers to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

Also slated to launch in December (from Spaceflight Now):

  • Arianespace will use an Ariane 5 rocket to launch four Galileo full operational capability satellites for Europe’s Galileo navigation constellation from the Guiana Space Center.
  • SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch 10 Iridium NEXT satellites from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.
  • A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch the Bangabandhu 1 communications satellite for the Bangladesh Telecommunication Regulatory Commission.

Jan. 18: An Atlas 5 rocket provided by the United Launch Alliance will launch the U.S. military’s fourth Space Based Infrared System Geosynchronous satellite (SBIRS GEO 4) for missile early-warning detection.

Jan. 20: An Arianespace Vega rocket (VV11) will launch with the ADM-Aeolus satellite for the European Space Agency from Kourou, French Guiana.

Feb. 9: A Russian Soyuz rocket will launch the 69th Progress cargo delivery ship to the International Space Station.

Also slated to launch in February (from Spaceflight Now): 

  • SpaceX will launch a Falcon 9 rocket carrying the Crew Dragon spacecraft from Kennedy Space Center in Florida for an uncrewed test flight to the International Space Station. 

March 1: A United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket will launch GOES-S, the second next-generation geostationary weather satellite for NASA and NOAA, from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida at 5:01 a.m. EST (1001 GMT).

March 9: A Russian Soyuz rocket will launch the crewed Soyuz spacecraft to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan with members of the next Expedition crew (54S). 

March 20: A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

Also slated to launch in March (from Spaceflight Now):

  • A Eurockot Rockot vehicle will launch with the Sentinel 3B Earth observation satellite for the European Space Agency and the European Commission from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome in Russia.
  • An Orbital ATK Antares rocket will launch the 10th Cygnus cargo freighter on the ninth operational cargo delivery flight to the International Space Station (OA-9).
  • A SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket will launch a Crew Dragon spacecraft on an uncrewed test flight to the International Space Station under the auspices of NASA’s commercial crew program.

April 15: A Russian government Soyuz rocket will launch the 70th Progress cargo delivery ship to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. 

April 18: A United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket will launch the AFSPC 11 mission for the U.S. Air Force from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.  

April 27: A Russian Soyuz rocket will launch the crewed Soyuz spacecraft to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan with members of the next Expedition crew (55S).

April 30: A SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket will launch the U.S. Air Force’s Space Test Program-2 mission with a cluster of military and scientific research satellites.

May 5: A United Launch Alliance Atlas 5 rocket will launch NASA’s InSight Mars lander from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California at 7:10 a.m. EDT (1110 GMT).

June 27: A Russian  Soyuz rocket will launch the 70th Progress cargo delivery ship to the International Space Station from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

July 31: A United Launch Alliance Delta 4-Heavy rocket will launch NASA’s Parker Solar Probe from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida at 10:07 a.m. EDT (1407 GMT).

Also slated for 2018:

  • Boeing anticipates its first uncrewed test flight of the CST-100 Starliner will take place in June 2018, followed by a crewed test flight in August 2018.
  • China’s Tiangong-1 space lab will fall to Earth by April 2018. 
  • The U.S. military will launch its fourth Advanced Extremely High Frequency (AEHF) satellite aboard an Atlas 5 rocket provided by the United Launch Alliance. It will launch from pad SLC-41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. 

Follow Space.com for the latest in space science and exploration news on Twitter @Spacedotcom and on Facebook.

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https://www.space.com/32286-space-calendar.html Space Calendar 2017: Launches, Sky Events & More

[bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]Space Calendar 2017: Launches, Sky Events & More

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Hurricane Harvey: Photos of the Massive Storm from Space [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Sunday, November 26, 2017

Galileo Galilei: Biography, Inventions & Other Facts [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Galileo Galilei: Biography, Inventions & Other Facts [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei provided a number of scientific insights that laid the foundation for future scientists. His investigation of the laws of motion and improvements on the telescope helped further the understanding of the world and universe around him. Both led him to question the current belief of the time — that all things revolved around the Earth. 

[See also our overview of Famous Astronomers and great scientists from many fields who have contributed to the rich history of discoveries in astronomy.]

The Ancient Greek philosopher, Aristotle, taught that heavier objects fall faster than lighter ones, a belief still held in Galileo’s lifetime. But Galileo wasn’t convinced. Experimenting with balls of different sizes and weights, he rolled them down ramps with various inclinations. His experiments revealed that all of the balls boasted the same acceleration independent of their mass. He also demonstrated that objects thrown in the air travel along a parabola.

At the same time, Galileo worked with pendulums. In his life, accurate timekeeping was virtually nonexistent. Galileo observed, however, that the steady motion of a pendulum could improve this. In 1602, he determined that the time it takes a pendulum to swing back and forth does not depend on the arc of the swing. Near the end of his lifetime, Galileo designed the first pendulum clock.

Galileo is often incorrectly credited with the creation of a telescope. (Hans Lippershey applied for the first patent in 1608, but others may have beaten him to the actual invention.) Instead, he significantly improved upon them. In 1609, he first learned of the existence of the spyglass, which excited him. He began to experiment with telescope-making, going so far as to grind and polish his own lenses. His telescope allowed him to see with a magnification of eight or nine times. In comparison, spyglasses of the day only provided a magnification of three. 

It wasn’t long before Galileo turned his telescope to the heavens. He was the first to see craters on the moon, he discovered sunspots, and he tracked the phases of Venus. The rings of Saturn puzzled him, appearing as lobes and vanishing when they were edge-on — but he saw them, which was more than can be said of his contemporaries. 

Of all of his telescope discoveries, he is perhaps most known for his discovery of the four most massive moons of Jupiter, now known as the Galilean moons: Io, Ganymede, Europa and Callisto. When NASA sent a mission to Jupiter in the 1990s, it was called Galileo in honor of the famed astronomer.

In his book “Sidereus Nuncius” (“Starry Messenger”), published in 1610, Galileo wrote:

“On the 7th day of January in the present year, 1610, in the first hour of the following night, when I was viewing the constellations of the heavens through a telescope, the planet Jupiter presented itself to my view, and as I had prepared for myself a very excellent instrument, I noticed a circumstance which I had never been able to notice before, namely that three little stars, small but very bright, were near the planet; and although I believed them to belong to a number of the fixed stars, yet they made me somewhat wonder, because they seemed to be arranged exactly in a straight line, parallel to the ecliptic, and to be brighter than the rest of the stars, equal to them in magnitude . . . When on January 8th, led by some fatality, I turned again to look at the same part of the heavens, I found a very different state of things, for there were three little stars all west of Jupiter, and nearer together than on the previous night.”

“I therefore concluded, and decided unhesitatingly, that there are three stars in the heavens moving about Jupiter, as Venus and Mercury around the Sun; which was at length established as clear as daylight by numerous other subsequent observations. These observations also established that there are not only three, but four, erratic sidereal bodies performing their revolutions around Jupiter.”

Galileo may also have made the first recorded studies of the planet Neptune, though he didn’t recognize it as a planet. While observing Jupiter’s moons in 1612 and 1613, he recorded a nearby star whose position is not found in any modern catalogues.

“It has been known for several decades that this unknown star was actually the planet Neptune,” University of Melbourne physicist David Jamieson told Space.com. “Computer simulations show the precision of his observations revealing that Neptune would have looked just like a faint star almost exactly where Galileo observed it.”

In Galileo’s lifetime, all celestial bodies were thought to orbit the Earth. Supported by the Catholic Church, teaching opposite of this system was declared heresy in 1615.

Galileo, however, did not agree. His research — including his observations of the phases of Venus and the fact that Jupiter boasted moons that didn’t orbit Earth — supported the Copernican system, which (correctly) stated that the Earth and other planets circle the sun.

In 1616, he was summoned to Rome and warned not to teach or write about this controversial theory. But in 1632, believing that he could write on the subject if he treated it as a mathematical proposition, he published work on the Copernican system. He was found guilty of heresy, and was placed under house arrest for the remaining nine years of his life.

“And yet it moves.”

“I have never met a man so ignorant that I couldn’t learn something from him.”

“I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use.”

“You cannot teach a man anything, you can only help him find it within himself.”

“It is a beautiful and delightful sight to behold the body of the Moon.”

“Wine is sunlight, held together by water.”

— Find other quotes at GoodReads.com.

Additional resources

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https://www.space.com/15589-galileo-galilei.html Galileo Galilei: Biography, Inventions & Other Facts

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Weight loss diet: Eating THIS before exercise could affect how your body burns fat [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss diet: Eating THIS before exercise could affect how your body burns fat [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

A study suggests exercising on an empty stomach can in fact “promote more favourable” changes in body fat. 

Research carried out by the University of Bath studied 10 overweight men by asking them to walk for 60 minutes at 60 per cent oxygen consumption, first on an empty stomach and then after eating a carbohydrate-rich breakfast. 

Blood and fat tissue samples were then taken before and after exercise for analysis. 

The researchers found two genes (PDK4 and HSL) increased when they walked on an empty stomach but decreased when they had eaten the carbohydrate-rich breakfast. 

The rise in the genes suggests that exercising on an empty stomach burns fat as energy. 

Previous research has supported this idea, but other studies on weight loss suggests eating breakfast is essential in shedding the pounds. 

Milton Stokes, R.S., author of Flat Belly Diet! For Men, told Men’s Fitness: “It’s like putting logs on a wood-burning stove. You need that initial input to get your metabolism going for the day.” 

The aim should be to intake around 400-600 calories within an hour of waking up.

Stokes advised focusing on protein, healthy fats and fibre, as these will leave dieters feeling fuller for longer.

There are a few meals to try in the morning that cover all of these ideals.

Jorge Cruise, author of The Belly Fat Cure, advised eggs with avocado/

He said: “Avocados are nature’s ideal fruit for weight loss. They replace sugar with appetite-curbing good fat.”

If you prefer a quick shake, then choose one with whey protein.

David Grotto, R.D., author of 101 Foods That Could Save Your Life said: “Whey is rich in branched chain amino acids, which stimulate muscle growth.

“The more muscle you have, the greater the fat-burning capacity of your metabolism.”

Finally, a simple yoghurt topped with fresh fruit to make it interesting and sprinkled with high-fibre cereal is another option.

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Ursa Uses Radar Imagery to Reveal Extent of Texas Flooding [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: Man loses over three stone by swapping fizzy drinks for THIS [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: Man loses over three stone by swapping fizzy drinks for THIS [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Sharing before and after pictures on Imgur, user clockworkindigo wrote: “A lot of you have been asking about what I have done to lose the weight.

“My biggest tip is to stop eating just because something tastes good.

“For example if you are thinking about having ice cream, think about how you are benefiting from it.

“In that case you are not benefiting and it will just make your job harder. Simple thoughts like that go a long way.”

Going into specifics, he continued: “Also try cutting out most of your carbs and drink lots of water (instead of soda or beer)!

“I go to the gym four to five times a week and really pay attention to what I am eating. Eating my body weight in grams of protein, limiting carbs and more healthy fats.”

His original post went viral, with hundreds of comments. He then shared an update nine months later and showed his impressive physique.

Explaining how he got such defined abs, he wrote: “It is a very hard process and diet is a main factor in seeing good results.

“For my cut I did Jim Stoppani’s Shortcut to Shred. A six week program that has you doing cardio instead of resting.

“This is one of the best feelings. You work so hard for this and to finally see it after the work it is so rewarding.”

He also revealed he did not count calories to achieve his dream body, and said: “I am doing this to show everyone what a real transformation looks like. I don’t count my calories with an app, I estimate each day.

“This is to show everyone that it IS possible to make a change for the better and that IT TAKES A LOT OF TIME! You have to be willing to put in the time and be PATIENT!!!”

But clockworkindigo also revealed he finds it difficult to accept his size now and struggles with body image.

He shared: “There are a lot of days where I will beat myself up and tell myself that I am not getting anywhere.

“There are days when I think that I am still overweight and it destroys my confidence. It’s very hard on someones mind to go from overweight to an average size.”

The man has shared his weight loss story as it has been revealed what you eat before a work out can affect how the body burns fat.

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Friday, November 24, 2017

What Blackout? How Solar-Reliant Power Grids Passed the Eclipse Test [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: This is the best trick YOU can do to lose weight without even trying [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss: This is the best trick YOU can do to lose weight without even trying [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

Weight loss can be made much more likely if you weigh yourself everyday, a new study has found.

While previous experts have recommend weighing yourself less for weight loss success, it now seems the reverse may be true.

Scientists at Drexel University and the University of Pennsylvania discovered that when women weighed themselves daily over the course of two years, they lost weight.

The study looked at 294 women at university, who were of different weights and body shapes, and measured their body fat percentage.

The scientists found that the women who weighed themselves everyday avoided weight gain and even experienced weight loss.

“The losses in BMI and body fat percentage were modest, but still significant, especially keeping in mind that these women were not part of a weight loss program,” said Diane Rosenbaum, PhD, a psychologist at the University of Pennsylvania.

“We did not expect that, in the absence of a weight loss intervention, folks would be losing weight.” 

The study was published in the Journal of Behavioral Medicine.

Meghan Butryn, PhD, an associate professor in the College of Arts and Sciences at Drexel said: “Regularly weighing yourself can motivate you to engage in healthy eating and exercise behaviors, because it provides you with evidence that these behaviors are effective in helping you lose weight or prevent weight gain. 

“Similarly, if you see weight gain on the scale, that information can motivate you to make a change.”

An expert in body transformation has revealed some exercises you can do in the comfort of your own home to help reduce stomach fat.

Chris Wharton, a specialist in body transformation, said: “He said: “By carving out just 10 to 20 minutes a day to create a morning routine, you can make a profound improvement to your physique. 

“Now only will you look great, you will have a lot more energy, enjoy much better sleep quality and feel far happier in general.”

Carol Kirkwood, a weather girl for the BBC, has revealed her plan for keeping slim.

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After Webb: Scientists Make the Case for Even Bigger Telescopes [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

After Webb: Scientists Make the Case for Even Bigger Telescopes [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

With NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope set to launch in late 2018, researchers are already talking about the next generation of telescopes. That’s because massive instruments take years, if not decades, to plan, build and launch, and scientists don’t want the science to stop when Webb wraps up its mission.

When it comes to telescopes, larger mirrors collect more light, allowing researchers to see even fainter objects. Many are looking forward to a primary mirror far larger than JWST’s 6.5-meter diameter, which is already the largest to ever be launched into space.

“When we find Earth 2.0, it will be fainter than the faintest galaxy in the Hubble Deep Field,” said John Grunsfeld, physicist and former NASA chief scientist. As an astronaut, Grunsfeld served on multiple missions to service NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope; in fact, he was the last human to touch the iconic instrument. [The Strangest Alien Planets (Gallery)]

At the Astrobiology Science Conference (AbSciCon) in Mesa, Arizona, in April, Grunsfeld made the case for a 12-meter telescope. Such an instrument could not only help spot the first truly Earth-like planet, but could also probe the origins of the universe, study worlds in the solar system and examine distant stars.

“We don’t want to be in the position of saying, now we need a bigger telescope to find something important,” Grunsfeld said.

One of the strongest contenders in the fight to follow JWST is the Large UV/Optical/Infrared Survey (LUVOIR). LUVOIR is a proposed multi-wavelength observatory with the ability to characterize exoplanets, study galaxy formation and evolution, and examine the early universe. With a primary mirror of 30 to 45 feet (9 to 14 meters), LUVOIR can reach the size Grunsfeld is calling for.

“It’s truly a grand sort of vision,” Debra Fischer, LUVOIR’s Science and Technology Definition Team co-chair, said at the conference. She called the proposed instrument “the space observatory for the 21st century.”

The name LUVOIR is pronounced as in French, or, Fischer said, “like a pirate,” emphasizing the “ARRR.”

As currently proposed, LUVOIR could probe star-forming regions of distant galaxies and map the distribution of dark matter in the nearby universe. It would be capable of identifying the first starlight in the early universe and image the icy plumes spouting from Saturn’s icy moon Enceladus and Jupiter’s giant moon Europa. The Earth-orbiting instrument should resolve features as small as 125 miles (200 km) on Pluto and other Kuiper Belt objects.

For attendees of the AbSciCon, exoplanets are where LUVOIR should really shine. The instrument should allow astronomers to analyze the atmospheres of Earth-like worlds around sun-like stars, hunting for signs of life. The closest contender to date, Kepler-452b, is a rocky planet orbiting a star like our own, but it’s about 60 percent larger than Earth. Astronomers are hunting for a world closer to our planet’s size, one whose atmosphere they can examine.

“The biosignatures are really what we’re after,” Fischer said.

Based on scientists’ current understanding of how frequent rocky terrestrial worlds are around other stars, Fischer said that a large telescope like LUVOIR, combined with a coronagraph to block the light from the star, should be an enormous improvement over smaller telescopes. Over average observations, a 4-meter telescope should be capable of spotting something like six Earth-candidates, she said, while an 8-meter instrument could spot only around 25. A 16-meter instrument with a coronagraph should reveal around 100 worlds.

That’s important, because most likely not every Earth-size world will be ripe for life. The more worlds an instrument can spot, the greater the likelihood that scientists can identify at least one of them as habitable.

“If the frequency of habitable worlds is something like 10 percent, then we like to have about 30 candidates to guarantee seeing one with high confidence,” Fischer said. [10 Exoplanets That Could Host Alien Life]

Time is another factor. According to Grunsfeld, an hour hunting for exoplanets on a 16-meter telescope would produce the same results as about 10 hours on a 4-meter instrument. That means a larger instrument can identify more exoplanets over the same mission time.

“We can cover a lot more exoplanets to make that discovery [of Earth 2.0],” Grunsfeld said.

Thanks to the constant evolution of science, both Grunsfeld and Fischer emphasized that the work a future telescope may be involved with could easily be something unimagined today. The Hubble Space Telescope is an excellent example. When the instrument was launched in 1990, scientists had not yet identified a single exoplanet. Today, the telescope probes the atmospheres of worlds around other stars, an avenue unforeseen by its designers. LUVOIR will likely function the same way.

“It will answer questions we haven’t even thought to ask,” Fischer said.

For 27 years, the Hubble Space Telescope has probed the depths of the universe from its orbit around Earth. After initial problems with its instruments, astronauts were able to make repairs because the telescope was designed to be serviceable. Instruments could also be upgraded as necessary, allowing greater flexibility.

“I think serviceability is a critical role,” Grunsfeld said. “Serviceability allows you to put new instruments in that keeps [the telescope] vital.”

In 2010, Congress passed a law requiring that proposed flagship astrophysics support servicing, a law that JWST’s successor will fall under. (JWST itself will not be serviceable.)

LUVOIR isn’t a sure thing. It may wind up competing with another proposed mission, the Habitable Exoplanet Imaging Mission (HabEx). HabEx would focus on directly imaging planetary systems around sun-like stars, with a primary goal of directly imaging Earth-like planets and characterizing their atmospheres. 

Unlike LUVOIR, HabEx would use direct imaging, allowing it to capture an image of a far-off world. But the telescope won’t be limited to exoplanet research. It will also be able to study features of the Milky Way and outside the galaxy.

Follow Nola Taylor Redd at @NolaTRedd, Facebook, or Google+. Follow us at @Spacedotcom, Facebook or Google+. Originally published on Space.com.

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The Most Amazing Space Stories of the Week! [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

The Most Amazing Space Stories of the Week! [bestandroiddoubledinheadunit950.blogspot.com]

According to a new study, massive wildfires took place after an asteroid hit Earth 65 million years ago — the asteroid thought to have killed off the dinosaurs — and the fires caused the sun to be blotted out for two years. Small particles created by the impact ignited fires across the globe, and when plants burned, their soot filled the sky and shut down further photosynthesis. [Full Story: Dinosaur-Killing Asteroid Cast a 2-Year Shroud of Darkness Over Earth]

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